This Shabbos, on which the Torah portion of Beshalach is read, is known as
Shabbos Shirah, The Sabbath of Song. The source of this special name is the
portion of Beshalach, in which we read of the song the entire nation of Israel
sang after the miracle of the splitting of the Red Sea. This song, which is
recited every day as part of the morning prayers, is a special song. Because
of the importance of this song, the Shabbos on which we read it takes the name
of "Sabbath of the Song." What makes this song so special that, above and
beyond all the other miraculous events that are read about in the Torah
portion, the Shabbos is given it as its moniker?
One of the customs associated with this Shabbos is to place crumbs outside for
the birds to eat. (As to the Halachik correctness of this custom, see Shulchan
Aruch Orech Chayim 324.) We read in the Torah on this week about G-d giving
the "Man", manna, to the nation of Israel, for their sustenance. Moshe told
the nation of Israel that the Man would not fall on Shabbos, and therefore
they should collect a double portion on Friday. There were rabble-rousers who
wanted to embarrass Moshe and weaken his authority. They took Man they had
collected on Friday, and after dark placed it out on the ground. Come morning,
they hoped that people would think that the Man did indeed fall on Shabbos,
and Moshe, who they contended made up the laws as he went along, was wrong.
However, no Man was around on Shabbos morning. Why? Because the birds carried
it away before the nation awoke, so that the nation would indeed trust in
Moshe and respect the sanctity of the Shabbos about which Moshe spoke. To
reward the birds for this noble deed, we feed them the week on which we read
of the surrounding incident, the week of Beshalach.
The Sefer HaToda'ah mentions an additional reason why we feed the birds this
week. The chirping of birds is not just idle song. It is the way that birds
praise G-d for providing them with their needs. Because, on this week, we too
sing praise of G-d, we recognize the constant song of praise chirped by the
birds by feeding them, as a form of reward.
torah.org
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